Pros And Cons Of Multicultural Teams - 1458 Words

Today, globalization is getting more and more common. For example, from 2006 to 2016, percent of international students at UCSD grew from 3% to %19. Under such a circumstance, multicultural teams will likely be built. In a multicultural team, people with different nationalities and cultures will work together, and different cultural competencies can bring both shared preferences and conflict. Therefore, it’s important for leaders of multicultural teams to take advantage of cultural differences and deal with conflict at the same time to maximize productivity. To show the potential pros and cons of multicultural teams, I build a hypothetical team consist of me, a typical Japanese and a typical American according to Erin Meyer’s cultural map.†¦show more content†¦On the other side, when high-context Japanese gets low-context assignments, he might waste time on redundant work. Since I am neutral, I can understand both high-context and low-context assignments in som e case, so I can work as a translator to translate communications for them. However, this is not a long-term solution for two reasons: I might fail to understand very high-context or low-context communications, and also I will spend too much time and energy on translation instead of work. To really get rid of communication problems, we three need to build up the consensus among us. In high-context cultures, communication doesn’t need to be too precise because people have agreed on expressions. When someone says something, the others can read between lines naturally because this is the communication system they know. For my team, it’s inevitable that there will be communication problems at the beginning because we are diverse. After we have problems, each of us should learn from it, figure out what was the true meaning behind those expressions and modify our way of expressing and understanding. Erin Meyer asks leaders to â€Å"adjust, and readjust, your position† , and I think each member of a team should adjust to different cultures. During the process of learning, American will get to know about high-context communication, and Japanese will learn about low-context communication. This will not only help them work on my team, but also suchShow MoreRelatedWhat Diversity Can Make Your Company?1435 Words   |  6 Pagesperson per every language spoken in the United States. However it is important that companies make an effort to hire a diverse workforce. There are many pros to hiring diversity, for example an increase in sales due to a larger market, better customer service, and a more expansive knowledge of customers’ needs. Wherever there are pros, there are always cons, diversity can make your company appear less of an ‘American Company’. While calling customer service many American customers are easily annoyed withRead MoreAcer, Inc. – Taiwan’s Rampaging Dragon1432 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization are put together in working, training or social situations, including staffing multicultural teams, encouraging international mobility to various training courses, conferences and parties† (Kottolli, 2006. p. 1). The pro side of developing a global staff is that the strategies the organization implements will be more tailored to global operations and the solutions will be formed from a multicultural stand point. The down side to having a global experienced staff is the possibility of losingRead MoreClub Med (B) Case Study2966 Words   |  12 PagesTraining Module after recruited, informing and training the GO’. * Be more efficient on recruiting GO’s, reducing the waste of time and capital on â€Å"stocking† GO’s not allocated, yet. 2) Is Go turnover really a problem at Club Med? What are the pros and cons of high turnover? First of all, it is important to notice that Club Med has a high turnover in the American Zone (nearly 50% of turnover rate) and a minor rate in European Zone (25% of turnover rate). Jack Amazallag, director of Human ResourcesRead MoreClub Med (B) Case Study2977 Words   |  12 PagesModule after recruited, informing and training the GO’. * Be more efficient on recruiting GO’s, reducing the waste of time and capital on â€Å"stocking† GO’s not allocated, yet. 2) Is Go turnover really a problem at Club Med? What are the pros and cons of high turnover? First of all, it is important to notice that Club Med has a high turnover in the American Zone (nearly 50% of turnover rate) and a minor rate in European Zone (25% of turnover rate). Jack Amazallag, director of Human ResourcesRead MoreCross Cultural Relationships1105 Words   |  5 Pagesthe cultural challenges in managing people in a globalized workplace. Cross cultural management addresses topics including cross-cultural communication and understanding at both interpersonal and inter-organizational levels, leading multicultural and global virtual teams, cross-cultural leadership, managing cross-cultural joint ventures, transferring managerial practices across cultures, and managing international assignments. To understand what is cross cultural relationship, we first need to understandRead MoreWhat Is Cultural Intelligence (Cq)?. The Cultural Intelligence1494 Words   |  6 Pagesand to build and maintain relationships (Rahim, Kim, Jasimuddin, Soranastaporn, Rahman, 2014). CQ Pros Culturally intelligent employees are generally emotionally mature, and have good general social skills which gives them the ability to increase innovation and creativity, as they bring together diverse resources and help the organization make the most of the various viewpoints from a multicultural workforce. Cultural intelligence provides many benefits to the organization, including: †¢ ProductiveRead MoreLeadership Styles Between Western And Non Western Cultures2078 Words   |  9 Pagesto the multicultural organisations. Leadership styles of managers are highly important in terms of managing the team of followers, which has a correlation to the productivity and results that the team would achieve in the future. By having good management, it contributes to the success of the organisation. Hence, it is vital to identify the different leadership styles especially in different cultures to suit the working environment and culture of the organization. In the present multicultural globalRead MoreDiversity in Multi-Cultural Teams Creates Potential Advantages2825 Words   |  12 PagesMMM028 COMPARATIVE AND INTER-CULTURAL MANAGEMENT Diversity in multi-cultural teams creates potential advantages. Discuss.   In the recent years, the movement of the modern business are very much according to the globalisation of the worlds economy, which resulted in the increasing amount of international businesses, global economic competition, and the difference/divergence within the organisations. Globalisation creates international business environment that requires businessesRead MoreIntroduction. While Organizations Are Complex And Seemingly1457 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction While organizations are complex and seemingly â€Å"living† organisms teeming with people, this complexity increases when it expands outside its home borders. Multinational corporations have carefully weighed the pros and cons of moving to a global level and developed a solid understanding of the various cultures in countries worldwide. This understanding is not always as solid as managers may think because uncertainties and other areas not considered arise. These may include formulatingRead MoreCase 3-1 The Parable of the Sadhu1637 Words   |  7 Pagesand took off.† Ask the students if they have ever seen such a situation in their lives? Have the students ever observed student-teams told by the professor for the last team out of the classroom to clean up, turn off lights and lock the door? Yet, when the last team walks out of the classroom, often the instructions are forgotten. Each team may blame other teams for not doing their part. Is it true that individuals tend to lose their responsibility in groups? Is it easier to hide in a group

Marketing and Sponsorship - 4815 Words

The role of sponsorship in the marketing communications mix Tony Meenaghan International Journal of Advertising Vol. 10, No. 1, 1991 Title: Author(s): Source: Issue: The role of sponsorship in the marketing communications mix Tony Meenaghan International Journal of Advertising Vol. 10, No. 1, 1991 The role of sponsorship in the marketing communications mix Tony Meenaghan This article examines the development of commercial sponsorship as a legitimate marketing communications option available to management. Initial attention focuses on the causes of sponsorship emergence, the current developments in this growing industry and the prospects therein. Sponsorship s role on behalf of management is†¦show more content†¦In 1984 comparative figures for sponsorship as a percentage of total advertising spend showed considerable variation even among the more developed economies. As can be seen from Table 3, sponsorship in Italy was estimated at nine per cent of total advertising expenditure compared with only 1.4 per cent in the US market (AGB, 1986). These estimates of sponsorship spending do not include the expenditure which is necessary to ensure the proper exploitation of the chosen sponsorship. The acknowledged industry norm is that expenditure at least equal to the direct sponsorship costs is necessary for adequate exploitation. TABLE 3: SPONSORSHI P EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE IN 1984 (US$ MILLION) Country Italy US UK West Germany Netherlands Advertising expenditure 2,580 73,380 5,670 5,192 2,003 Sponsorship expenditure 226 1,000 157 98 55 % 8.8 1.4 2.8 1.9 2.8 Source: Advertising Associations Driving forces behind sponsorship s development The dramatic growth of commercial sponsorship as a marketing activity is probably due to the followingShow MoreRelatedSponsorship Is A Marketing Communication Tool1281 Words   |  6 PagesSponsorship is a marketing communication tool in the marketing theory of 4Cs. 4Cs means consumer wants and needs, cost to satisfy, convenience to buy and communication. In parallel with fierce marketing competition, an increasing number of companies choose sponsorship to gain their market share and expand brand influence, especially the increasingly popular sport sponsorship. Therefore, sport sponsorship could be of great significance to enhance brand equity. Based on an example that the BarclaysRead MoreSponsorship and the Marketing Mix Throughout Vodafone Essay1440 Words   |  6 PagesSponsorship and the Marketing Mix Throughout Vodafone Throughout the course of my investigation, I am going to look at how Vodafone uses the marketing mix and how this is beneficial to them as a company. Also how they get their message of the company across to the public. I intend to use both primary and secondary research throughout my investigation as it will be helpful in gathering my information. I aim to produce a questionnaire or survey for the public andRead MoreReview Of Getting Bang For The Buck Sports Sponsorships Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesSports Sponsorships Type of source: Website Objective as it evaluates data Author: Jeremy Gregg Date: 1 March 2015 Author background information: Jeremy Gregg is a 3 times TED X speaker dealing with entrepreneurial ventures. Website address: http://directsellingnewscom/index.php/view/getting_bang_for_the_buck_in_sports_sponsorships#.VyeUE2_KHIY Summary In this source Jeremy Gregg discusses the reasons for the increase in the popularity of sports sponsorships, providingRead MoreSports Industry: Sponsorship1324 Words   |  6 PagesSponsorship - Chapter 15 Multiple Choice 1. When the Dayton Dragons opened the gates of their new field in April of 2000 with what the team dubbed the â€Å"world’s largest outdoor billboard† they were using the strategy of: A. advertising clutter B. representing 75-300 sponsors C. dominant identity D. sponsorship overload Page: 362 2. The continuing influx of new sport leagues, teams, and events has created: A. more and more options for companies large and small to engage in sportRead MoreMarketing Definition and Importance1431 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing Definition and Importance Marketing Definition and Importance The world of marketing is very diverse and can be defined and applied in many different ways. One person might be asked to give a definition of marketing and give a totally different definition than another person. Marketing importance to an organization can be different from one to the other depending on product line and ways in which the organization markets the product. In today’s paper one will look at two different definitionsRead MoreMarketing Analysis : The Hershey Company Essay1686 Words   |  7 PagesCorporate sponsorships have been proved effective over and over again in the recent times. Especially, when both the sponsor and the organization which is sponsored are in-line with their mission then it has always been a win-win situation. On October 2015, The Hershey Company signed a 5 year sponsorship deal with United States Olympic Committee, which made the famous chocolate company an official sponsor for 2016 Rio Olympics and Paralympics games through 2020 Tokyo Ol ympic Games. Though USCO receivesRead MoreOlympics1429 Words   |  6 Pagescaring for U.S. athletes along with other professional sports vying for corporate sponsorship, made obtaining funding difficult. Thus, the USOC was challenged with persuading corporate benefactors that investing in the Olympic Games was a lucrative and cost effective venture (O’Rourke, 2010). Therefore, the methods used by the USOC to persuade companies to invest as well as motivating factors underlying corporate sponsorship are explored. Case Analysis Persuasion Message The ability to communicateRead MoreCorporate Sponsorships Throughout Olympic History787 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate Sponsorships Throughout Olympic History   The Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games were successfully staged with the support of ten Worldwide Olympic Partners (Olympics.org, 2017). The partners provided a variety of products, services, technologies, expertise, and financial resources, creating unique contributions as well as innovative marketing programs that promoted their Olympic sponsorships, support the athletes, and spread the Olympic values around the world, which included (Olympics.orgRead MoreBackground. Inemerging Art Cities And Developing Countries(Bogotà ¡,1311 Words   |  6 PagesThe strategy: Realize, promote, and plan the production of a mini-series that consists of 10 episodes about the 10 emerging art cities of today s society. After having a pilot, production and marketing plan the idea is to find a cultural platform to back the project so that it can be submitted for sponsorship opportunities in airlines, car brands, traveling platforms, etc. Why would cities, artists, and organizations/companies use this service: Developing countries and emerging art cities are inRead MoreRunning Head: Ambush Marketing Case Study1020 Words   |  5 PagesAMBUSH MARKETING CASE STUDY 1 AMBUSH MARKETING CASE STUDY 4 Ambush Marketing Case Study Hieu Le Columbia Southern University Ambush Marketing Case Study In the Successfully leveraging high-profile events to raise brand profile, Datamonitor (2010) demonstrate the identity of Ambush Marketing, which reflects that Bavaria Beer implemented this marketing tactics

Kant’s Formula of Humanity free essay sample

So will such that the maxim of your will could become a universal law for all men. Kant is saying your actions, based on good will, can apply to all; so that good moral judgments made can become universal for everyone. Kant believed a person’s motive, his intentions of an action are what decides if the action is morally right or wrong—not the end result of that action or decision. Kant’s categorical imperative approach says a person has the moral duty to do what is right, because it is the right thing to do, not because it may benefit them. If a person’s actions or decisions will contradict those maxims, then the action should not be taken. I agree with Kant’s theory that a person’s motive is what makes a person’s action morally right or wrong. The end result or consequence of a person’s action or decision to say or do something does not constitute morality—how you got there in the first place is what matters. We will write a custom essay sample on Kant’s Formula of Humanity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some end results do not always turn out the way we want them to, but if the intention of the action is morally right, how can you judge it as being wrong.The actions of people who lie, cheat or steal as a way to get what they want are not morally right; they are using other people as a means to their end. When you decide to act or react to a situation you need to ask yourself, â€Å"Would it be okay if everyone did what I am about to say or do? † If the answer is yes, then your motive was based on a good moral decision. I believe it is our duty to do the right thing, as this gives humanity a solid foundation to build on its rules and principles.

Love In Wuthering Heights Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Love In Wuthering Heights Essay, Research Paper Love and Lovability # 8220 ; There is no character in Wuthering Highs who is wholly loveable, who wins our sympathy completely. # 8221 ; ( Bloom 99 ) Love, in one manner or another is the force which makes people unsympathetic. In Emily Bronte # 8217 ; s Wuthering Heights, people # 8217 ; s worship for one another is the ground why no character is wholly loveable. Receiving excessively much attending spoiled Catherine Earnshaw. Heathcliff was disliked because he had to turn up without a existent household to love him. Finally, Hindley turned into a pathetic adult male because of the love that he lost. For some, fondness can alter people for the better, but for others love can be a toxicant for their psyches. Bing the lone girl, Catherine was endeared by all those around her. The firm love that her household and friends gave her soured her temperament. While on a concern trip, her male parent told his kids that they could take any gift that they wanted. We will write a custom essay sample on Love In Wuthering Heights Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Catherine, being a good rider, # 8220 ; chose a whip. # 8221 ; ( 40 ) When she learned that Heathcliff was the ground why she did non acquire her present, she responded # 8220 ; by grinning and ptyalizing at the stupid small thing. # 8221 ; ( 41 ) Since she was used to acquiring everything that she wanted, she became disdainful and had no regard for other people # 8217 ; s feelings. # 8221 ; # 8220 ; Why canst 1000 non ever be a good young girl, Cathy? # 8221 ; And she turned her face up to his, and laughed, and answered, # 8220 ; Why can non you ever be a good adult male, Father? # 8221 ; ( 47 ) Even on his deathbed, Catherine chose to annoy her male parent alternatively of soothing him. Catherine # 8217 ; s mistakes, which can be attributed to her rich upbringing, do non endear her to readers. Heathcliff, being the scoundrel of the narrative, is the most horrid character in Wuthering Heights. He manipulates everyone around him and has no respect for anyone but himself. His icky nature can be traced back to his early old ages when he was a # 8220 ; hapless, fatherless child. # 8221 ; ( 43 ) The deficiency of parental love and counsel made his life a hard one. Heathcliff was an unwanted kid who brought convulsion to a antecedently happy family. # 8220 ; So from Thursday e really get downing, he bred bad feelings in the house.† ( 42 ) Alternatively of lifting from his hapless place, he degenerated into an evil animal. When Catherine had begun to pass more clip at Thrushcross Grange with the Linton’s, Heathcliff lost his self-respect and self-respect. â€Å"If he were careless and uncared for before Catherine’s absence, he had been ten times more so since.† ( 56 ) Heathcliff’s character is genuinely tragic because his average temperament is a consequence of non acquiring the love that everyone deserves. The old proverb that # 8220 ; It is better to hold loved and lost than to hold neer loved at all, # 8221 ; is non true in Hindley # 8217 ; s instance. The way to his death began when Heathcliff moved into Wuthering Heights. In Hindley # 8217 ; s eyes, Heathcliff took his topographic point in the household. He saw Heathcliff as # 8220 ; a supplanter of his male parent # 8217 ; s fondnesss and his privileges. # 8221 ; ( 42 ) The immature vagabond was quieter and gentler so he became a front-runner of Mr. Earnshaw. Hindley # 8217 ; s luck took a bend for the worst when his married woman, Frances, died. When she passed off, a portion of himself died excessively. His common sense and reason easy disintegrated into ashes. # 8220 ; The retainers could non bear his oppressive and evil behavior long. # 8221 ; ( 68 ) He shortly turned to alcohol for redemption, but his imbibing wonts merely made him worse. Soon plenty, Hindley was # 8220 ; degrading himself past salvation, and becam e daily more noteworthy for barbarian moroseness and ferocity. # 8221 ; ( 68 ) Losing both his male parent # 8217 ; s and his married woman # 8217 ; s love changed Hindley into a vindictive adult male who was full of hatred. Love can be a glorious thing, but passionate feelings can besides turn people into hateful animals. For Catherine, excessively much love was her undoing. In Heathcliff # 8217 ; s instance, the absence of parental love doomed him to a life as a bitter, vindictive adult male. Last, lost love and heartbreak destroyed everything sort and gentle about Hindley. Love can do life seem worthwhile, but love can besides destruct all that is good about people excessively. Bronte, Emily. Wuthering Heights. New York: New American Library, 1959. Bloom, Harold. # 8220 ; Introduction # 8221 ; . Emily Bronte # 8217 ; s Wuthering Heights. Ed. H. Bloom. New York: Chelsea House, 1987. 97-100

Computers Make Life Easier

Computers Make Life Easier Free Online Research Papers Computers have made an impact in this world. From the past until the present people have been using computers for many different things. Although, theirs a lot of people who have used a computer; But they dont understand it and maybe not even appreciate it. Now, what if their werent any computers at all? Would you think itll be easy? Well, honestly I feel that computers have made our lives easier and I will answer how. Computers have been in this world since the B.C. Era, with Antikythera mechanism; which was used like a calculating mechanism. Theyre were other calculating mechanisms in that era like, abacus which means dust, astrolabe, and the slide rule. By the 1200s, a astronomical clock was built called The Castle Clock. This device was built to display the zodiac in the skies. In 1890, a Tabulating machine was manufactured by IBM which was used to punch the cards of the U.S. Census that was scheduled for that year. Later on in 19th century, other machines were manufactured by IBM; Like, the Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube, and the teleprinter. In the beginning of the 20th century, scientists thought of scientific computing which they would call them analog computers; which opened the gateway to digital computers. In the 1940s, their were many installations of digital computers. One of the installations was Suze Z3 which was manufactured to store memory and calculate. Another installation was Harvard Mark 1 manufactured by IBM and to store numbers of memory and also calculate. Another installation was Csirac, which was also used as the same as Suze Z3 And Harvard Mark 1. Back then, computers were these huge server like machines. By the 1960s, 70s, and 80s; computers were becoming machines for houses. In the 1980s IBM invented the Personal Computer as known as P.C. By the 1990s the P.C. Became a must have and with AOL introducing the Internet, their wasnt a house that didnt own a P.C. Throughout history the computers were being used and only for a few purposes. Those purposes were: to store information; to calculate major numbers; to gather up information and transfer it for one place to another; to get access to the files that they needed; and to do their jobs. Now computers are being used for everything. You can access the Internet, you can type up papers, you can construct a database, you can create a presentation, you can listen to music, and many other functions. Computers have made our lives easier just by functioning and accommodating our needs as to the new technology and the old. Everything we see, do, listen, and feel is just basic computer emotions. I think if computers were never invented then life would not only be hard but it would also be boring. And if you think about it everything is being run by computers. P.C.s have ruled the world since men built it. Without any P.C.s their wouldnt be any food, their also wouldnt be any cars, their wouldnt be any money, and I think their wouldnt be no world. Think about it, if their werent any P.C.s in the world we would have mostly nothing that we do have now: like cellphones; i pods; digital cameras; cable; Internet; and so much more. Research Papers on Computers Make Life EasierThe Project Managment Office SystemThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsCapital PunishmentBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraGenetic EngineeringAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaThree Concepts of Psychodynamic

Examples of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Sociology

Examples of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Sociology A self-fulfilling prophecy is a sociological term used to describe what happens when a false belief influences peoples behavior in such a way that it ultimately shapes reality. This concept has appeared in many cultures for centuries, but American sociologist Robert K. Merton coined the term and developed it for use in sociology. Today, the idea of a self-fulfilling prophecy is commonly used by sociologists as an analytic lens through which to study student performance, deviant or criminal behavior, and the impact of racial stereotypes on targeted groups. Robert K. Mertons Self-Fulfilling Prophecy In 1948, Merton used the term self-fulfilling prophecy in an article. He framed his discussion of this concept with symbolic interaction theory, which states that, through interaction, people bring about a shared definition of the situation in which they find themselves. He argued  that self-fulfilling prophecies begin as false definitions of situations, but that behavior based on the ideas attached to this false understanding recreates the situation in such a way that the original false definition becomes true. Mertons description of the self-fulfilling prophecy is rooted in the Thomas theorem, formulated by sociologists W. I. Thomas and D. S. Thomas. This theorem states that if people define situations as real, they are then real in their consequences. Both Mertons definition of self-fulfilling prophecy and the Thomas theorem reflect the fact that beliefs act as social forces. They have, even when false, the power to shape our behavior in very real ways. Symbolic interaction theory explains this by highlighting that people act in situations largely based on how they read those situations, and what they believe the situations mean to them or to the others participating in them. What we believe to be true about a situation then shapes our behavior and how we interact with the others present. In The Oxford Handbook of Analytical Sociology, sociologist Michael Briggs provides an easy three-step way to understand how self-fulfilling prophecies become true. X believes that y is p.X, therefore, does p.Because of 2, y becomes p. Examples of Self-Fulfilling Prophecies in Sociology A number of sociologists have documented the effects of self-fulfilling prophecies in education. This occurs primarily as a result of teacher expectation. The two classic examples are of high and low expectations. When a teacher has high expectations for a student and communicates those expectations to the student through his behavior and words, the student then typically does better in school than they would otherwise. Conversely, when a teacher has low expectations for a student and communicates this to the student, the student will perform more poorly in school than she otherwise would. Taking Mertons view, one can see that, in either case, the teachers expectations for the students are creating a certain definition of the situation that rings true for both the student and the teacher. That definition of the situation then impacts the students behavior, making the teachers expectations real in the behavior of the student. In some cases, a self-fulfilling prophecy is positive, but, in many, the effect is negative. Sociologists have documented that race, gender, and class biases frequently influence the level of expectations that teachers have for students. Teachers  often expect black and Latino students to perform worse than white and Asian students. They may also expect girls to perform worse than boys in certain subjects like science and math, and low-income students to perform worse than middle- and upper-income students. In this way, race, class, and gender biases, which are rooted in stereotypes, can act as self-fulfilling prophecies and actually create poor performance among the groups targeted with low expectations. This ultimately results in these groups performing poorly in school. Similarly, sociologists have documented how labeling kids delinquents or criminals leads to delinquent and criminal behavior. This particular self-fulfilling prophecy has become so common across the U.S. that sociologists have given it a name: the school-to-prison pipeline. It is a phenomenon that is also rooted in racial stereotypes, primarily ones of black and Latino boys, but documentation suggests that it affects black girls as well. Examples of self-fulfilling prophecies show how powerful our beliefs are. Good or bad, these expectations can alter what societies look like. Updated by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Personal Positioning Paper, Cultures and Contexts, Spanish Modernity Essay

Personal Positioning Paper, Cultures and Contexts, Spanish Modernity - Essay Example We dance to our conservative dance styles and almost religiously strive to save our hard earned money to buy flamenco dresses. Wow! Quite moving, and I am motivated by the enthusiasm, passion and zeal that our people have in protecting what is inherently theirs. â€Å"We are living in the twenty first century† is now a cliche. The context in which these words are in most cases used is in reprimanding, persuading and to urging for â€Å"change!† But you sister, brother, mother, father, grandmother and grandfather will hear none of that. We do not need to change! You would all say, I would too, but not entirely. Change is good and it is not only inevitable, but also obligatory as long as we desire for better lives. Folklore, which is at the center of this party, is a culturally agreed weapon for criticism and fight against the national government whose policies do not work for us. Oscar Wild said that we are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars. Hope is what will drive us to change. Bull fighting motivates ours struggles, our peculiar dressing and dances remind us of our history. The indigenous food enlightens our capabilities and originality. All these things are desirable, but we have to think of the future. Political ideologies have always set me apart with my family, and having harbored those thoughts has made me think that I need my family in order to become a living evidence of change. I want to become an engineer, but I used to ask myself why I need this traditional culture in order to achieve my non- traditional goal of becoming an engineer. I was wrong, because I will still serve you my people once I graduate as an engineer and the culture will still be there to guide, shape and discipline me on what is you expect of me in my service to you. There must be a fusion between traditional elements and contemporary elements, traditional elements and non- traditional goals like

Atokawa Advantage Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Atokawa Advantage Management - Essay Example While a substantial part of the reporting and operational requirements of Atokowa is currently being addressed by the system, the strain of expansion would only exacerbate the situation. If the expansion initiative of Custom Print and the Online Ordering strategy is suspended the growth of Atokowa will be stunted and its spiral decline will commence because the current difficulties in the system will only feed on itself. The initiatives of George Hargreaves and Hayley Atokowa will diversify the revenue stream of Atokowa and at the same time expand the market while widening the client demography of Atokowa. However, implementing it at this time will only triple if not double the operational problems of Atokowa implementing it after the completion of an Enterprise Resource Planning Solution roll-out would be ideal if not the best. ... Under the leadership of Jonathan, Atokowa has expanded to several stores all around Australia catering mostly to individual and business customers in and around the locality where Atokowa stores are at. This paper would present the analysis of the operation of Atokowa to determine challenge areas, improvement areas, and growth areas. The purpose of the analysis is to recommend solutions that will enable Atokowa to resolve its current issues if there are any and respond to the demands of the ever-changing market landscape in the stationary and office supply retail industry. This report shall first present the result of the analysis conducted on the operation of Atokowa that will define in detail the analysis of focus areas. After the analysis of the focus areas, an assessment of the focus area shall be concluded for purposes of recommending possible solutions to the challenges posed in the focus area. Due to constraints, this paper shall only present the observations in the analysis and not the process in which the analysis was conducted and the observation was arrived at. In summary, the analysis in the operation of the focus areas shall be provided in seriatim as it was presented in the report. The conclusion or assessment shall follow afterward then the recommendations that should be undertaken by the management of Atokowa to resolve its current challenges. Please note that this paper shall only focus on the technological solutions to resolve the operational and management challenges of Atokowa. Analysis of Current Systems and Operations The following focus areas were highlighted in the analysis of the business case of Atokowa.  

Game and Football Essay Example for Free

Game and Football Essay When I was a little kid probably around the age of seven, I started playing sports. Sports is a big part of life for my family, and every one of my siblings, including me, started playing sports when we were kids. I played multiple sports while growing up. I played football, baseball, soccer, track and basketball, so I was always going to practice or playing in a game. The sport I loved the most is football. I started playing football when I was seven. At that age I was able to wear full pads and tackle because that was the starting age for full contact football. I had a lot of special moments in football, such as, catching my first interception, and scoring my first touchdown. One special moment changed how I played football, which happened my 8th grade year. Each year I periodically got better and better. My 8th grade year was one of my toughest years of playing football. I didn’t really get to start that much during the season. By mid-season I broke my wrist. During a play I was pushed in the back, and I stuck my hand out to help myself stay up, and my wrist snapped in two places. At first I didn’t feel it, and I thought it was just swollen. I believed I could just shake it off till I went to the sideline to have the coach check it out. He told me that it was broken, and that was when all the pain started. But through it all I managed to stay calm and keep a straight face. That ended my 8th grade year, which was terrible. After recovering I was scared to actually hit someone, so my first two years of high school I didn’t play the way I used to play. My junior and senior year were the best I have played football. Those were the years I started hitting the weights hard, thanks to my dad. My dad was my inspiration for playing football. He also helped me through my recovery. He was the one who got me into playing football and playing to my best ability. He would always lecture me after either a good game or a bad game. He went to every single one of my games and watched me play very closely. After each game he always had something to complain about what I did wrong. It would get annoying, but I understood and tried my hardest to fix the problem. Even if I did well in a game, he would still have something to say. He made me into the player I am today. For half my life I played the sport I loved the most, football. I was disappointed that it had to end my senior year. Football made me into the person I am today, and I am thankful for that. I am also thankful for my dad, who would never give up on me. Even though he was always pointing out the negative things, his advice helped me become better.

Apu and his dog :: essays research papers

Scene  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Starting - A Hobo walks up to a group of chairs, where 2 other people are   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sitting, and sites next to them. Nar.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This poor old Hobo use to be rich, now he has nothing left in the world except his pride Hobo  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hello Sir. Sir  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Turns to the side) I can’t believe this hobo is talking to me. What Gaul, to think he wants to talk to me. (Turns back toward the hobo And say in a snobby voice) Can I help you? Hobo  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Why yes, would you listen to my story? Sir  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Gets up) Sorry this is my bus. Sir 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Excuse me sir (the Hobo) I will listen to you.(moves over one seat, next to the Hobo) Hobo  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  why sure, this story starts a long time ago. When mullets, bell-bottoms, and disco was in style. Sir 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  O.K. keep going. Nar.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A flashback back to a time when Apu wasn’t always called a hobo. A time when Apu was young, and full of spunk. A time when Apu, didn’t have a tan. Scene  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Flash back - Desk/chairs moved out, Apu is all alone. Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Everywhere I go, I see girls with guys. (Emphasis) Why can’t I get one? Girl  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (walks up) Hey your kind of cute. (Walks away snickering) Nar.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another girl teases him. By now Apu has gotten use to this kind of attention. But longs for the other kind. Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (across the room) Hey you! Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (look around, behind you, to the side, look around again, then finally point to yourself, and have kind of a speechless look on your face) Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ya you, come over here. Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (In a shaky voice) Why do you want to talk to me? Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (looks left) Hey Baby, shake a leg and go get in the car.(pause) Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  O.K. Back to what we were talking about. Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I’ve noticed that girls walk all over you, (Apu starts nodding), they make fun of you, tease you/ Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (cuts in) Hey, hey, (emphasis) hey I get the point.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So why did you want to talk to me? Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I’m going to let you in on a little secret, don’t tell anyone. Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sure? Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A long, long time ago, I was just like you. A scrawny little loser who couldn’t get anyone to even walk in the same directions as myself. Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (loud) Whoa! You’re lying. Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Shh, do you want me to tell you my secret or not? Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Go on Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A long time ago, a man came up to me, just as I’m doing to you. He told me the same things that you are about to hear. Nar.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Apu and the Man look like your talking to each other) The Man and Apu talked for a long time.

Hunger Games Character Paper

The Hunger Games- Character Paper I read the book The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins. The book is about the future and how the central government overrules all of districts, Panem. The main character of the book is Katniss Everdeen. She is a teenage girl who lives in â€Å"District 12†. Her district is known for all the coal mining; she had lost her father when she was younger in mine explosion.After this she had to step up and be the adult. She is very brave and she is very smart. Katniss, the story's narrator and heroine, is 16 years old and has straight black hair, gray eyes, and olive skin. Her father died in a mine explosion when she is 11. Since then, to keep her family from starving in the Seam, she has had to provide for her mother and sister, using the hunting and gathering knowledge that her father taught her.Her best friend and hunting partner is Gale, and, while they spend a great deal of time together, Katniss is sure that she doesn't see him in a romantic light, something that comes into deep question when she is District 12's Hunger Games tribute and must work hard to maintain a star-crossed-lovers facade with Peeta Mellark. Throughout the novel, she remains a hunter and a survivor, â€Å"the girl on fire,† but she is also a girl who is very confused about her emotions concerning Peeta and Gale.Katniss must also remember to hide her true emotions about the Capitol: She loathes the Capitol and its tyrannical rule, but to rebel openly is to ask for punishment, oftentimes death. She is brave and daring and returns home from the Games a beloved star to her district but a menace to the Capitol dictators in charge of Panem. Katniss is very relatable to young girls because of her confusion with boys. This makes Katniss a great main character for the book because who doesn’t love a science fiction book with a relatable main character?

Assey

Adrian Gauci Learning and Development Strategy – Adrian Gauci – Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT †¢ Employee Development of HR development is about the provision of learning, development and training opportunities in order to improve individual, team and organisational performance. †¢ The definition of development suggests a fulfilment of innate potential and ability through continuous involvement rather than just timely interventions to satisfy gaps in knowledge and ability.Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Learning and development †¢ Learning and development is the process of acquiring and developing knowledge, skills, capabilities, behaviours and attitudes through learning or developmental experiences. It is concerned with ensuring that the organization has the knowledgeable, skilled, engaged and committed workforce it needs. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Learning and development Learning is a continuous process that not only enhances existing capabilities but also leads to the development of the skills, knowledge and attitudes that prepare people for enlarged or higher-level responsibilities in the future. †¢ As explained by Honey and Mumford (1996): – ‘Learning has happened when people can demonstrate that they know something that they did not know before (insights, realizations as well as facts) and when they can do something they could not do Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, before (skills). ’Adrian Gauci Learning and development †¢ Development is concerned with ensuring that a person’s ability and potential are grown and realized through the provision of learning experiences or through self-directed (self-managed) learning. It is an unfolding process that enables people to progress from a present state of understanding and capability to a future state in which higher-level skills, knowledge and competencies are required. †¢ Training involves the application of formal processes to impart knowledge and help people to acquire the skills necessary for them to perform their jobs satisfactorily.Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci KEY L&D TERMS †¢ LEARNING: Learning is relatively permanent changes in behaviour that occurs as a result of practice or experience. †¢ EDUCATION: The development of Knowledge, values and understanding required in all aspects of life rather than the knowledge and skills relating to particular areas of activity. †¢ DEVELOPMENT: the growth or realisation of a person's ability and potential throug h the provision of learning and educational experiences. Training: The planned ; systematic modification of behaviour through learning events, programmes, and instruction which enable individuals to achieve the levels of knowledge, skills and competence to carry out their work effectively. Source: Armstrong-handbook of Personnel Management practices. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Elements of learning and dev Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation SupervisorAdrian Gauci Characteristics of formal and informal learning Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci ROI †¢ Return on investment (RoI) is advocated by some commentators as a means of assessing the overall impact of training on organizational performance. It is calculated as: Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Learning and development strategy Learning and development strategy represents the approach an organization adopts to ensure that now and in the future, learning and development activities support the achievement of its goals by developing the skills and capacities of individuals and teams. It can be described similarly as strategic human resource development, defined as follows. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Learning and development strategy It is fundamentally concerned with creating a learning culture that will encourage learning and will provide the basis for planning and implementing learning activities and programmes.†¢ This concept of a learning culture is associated with that of the learning organization. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Diss ertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Elements of L;D strategy Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci A learning culture A learning culture is one that promotes learning because it is recognized by top management, line managers and employees generally as an essential organizational process to which they are committed and in which they engage continuously. †¢ Reynolds (2004) describes a learning culture as a – ‘growth medium’, which will ‘encourage employees to commit to a range of positive discretionary behaviours, including learning’ and which has the following characteristics: empowerment not supervision, self-managed learning not instruction, long-term capacity building not short-term fixes. Reynolds suggests that to create a learning culture it is necessary to develop organizational practices that raise commitment amongst employees and – ‘give employees a sense of purpose in the workplace, grant employees opportunities to act upon their commitment, and offer practical support to learning’. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation SupervisorAdrian Gauci The learning organization The learning organization, as defined by Senge (1990) †¢ The learning organization is one – ‘where people continually expand their capacity to create the results they truly desire, where new and expansive patterns of thinking are nurtured, where collective aspiration is set free, and where people are continually learning how to learn together’. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian GauciThe learning organization †¢ Harrison (2000) learning organization remains persuasive beca use of its – ‘rationality, human attractiveness and presumed potential to aid organizational effectiveness and advancement’. †¢ Wick and Leon (1995) refer to a learning organization – as one that ‘continually improves by rapidly creating and refi ning the capabilities required for future success’. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci EMPLOYEE TRAINING Training is an important part of an organization’s long-range strategy: – Global competition and flatter organizational structures require multi-skilled employees – Focus on life-long learning – Diverse employees with varying cultural values – Developments in information technology require new skills and training strategies – Increased motivation – Individual goals equating with those of the organisation – Social benefits eg traning from government â€⠀œ Newly acquired skills for future use Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation SupervisorAdrian Gauci †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ BENEFITS OF T;D TO ORGANISATIONS Provision of trained human resources Improvements of existing skills Increased employee knowledge Improved job performance Improved customer service Greater staff commitment Increased value of the organisation's human assets The personal development of employees Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci PROCESS OF TRAINING †¢ SYSTEMATIC TRAINING †¢ PLANNED TRAINING Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation SupervisorAdrian Gauci PLANNED TRAINING †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Identify and define training needs Define the learning required Define the objectives of training Plan training programme Decide who provides the training Implement the training Evaluate training Modify training programmes basis on the evaluation. MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), Adrian Gauci DEFINING TRAINING NEEDS †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ JOB TRAINING ANALYSIS ORGANSATIONAL ANALYSIS PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL JOB ANALYSIS CUSTOMER FEEDBACK OBSERVATION OF EMPLOYEES RECORDS OF EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCEAdrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci TRAINING OBJECTIVES †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ PREREQUISITE EXPERIENCE AND ABILITIES EDUCATINAL OBJECTIVES BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES CRITERIA FOR ASSESSMENT Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Learning and Development Activities Learning  and  Development  Activities †¢ case  study  exercises †¢ action  learning  activities †¢ modern  apprenticeship †¢ Employee  mentoring †¢ Group  /  Departmental  Ã‚  Exercises †¢ Situation  Simulation Management  coaching   †¢ Corporate  University †¢ Instruction  Lectures †¢ Outdoor  Learning  Activities   †¢ Training  by  role  playing See Page 1022 (Appendix in Armstrong Book) Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci The Training System Needs Assessment Evaluation Training Objectives Implementation Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Training Techniques On-the-job †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Job rotation Apprenticeships Coaching Mentoring Delegation by supervisor †¢ Work shadowing †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Off-t he-job †¢ Lectures & videos Vestibule training Role-playing/Cases Simulation Self-Study & Programmed Computer-based (CBT) Virtual reality Web-based/Intranet Video-conferencing Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Training & Development Strategies Cognitive T&D Strategies Environmental Behavioural Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation SupervisorAdrian Gauci Training Evaluation Criteria Reaction Organizational results Training Evaluation Criteria Behaviour Knowledge Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci LEARNING ORGANISATION †¢ Learning might be the acquisition of a new skills, new knowledge, a modified attitude or a combination of all three. †¢ The process of acquiring knowledge through experience that leads to a change in behaviour. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation SupervisorAdrian Gauci LEARNING ORGANISATION An organization that has an enhanced capacity to learn, adapt and change – Systems thinking – Personal mastery – Mental models – Shared vision – Team learning Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci LEARNING ORGANISATION (CONTD. ) Garvin (1993) has suggested that LO are good at doing five things: †¢ Systematic problem solving-relying on scientific methods, insisting on data rather than assumption. Experimentation Kaizen (continuous improvements) †¢ Learning from past experience †¢ Learning from others †¢ Transferring knowledge quickly and efficiently throughout the organisation Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci SIX FACTOR MODEL OF LO Kandola a nd Fullerton have produced a six factor model of a LO: †¢ Shared vision †¢ Enabling structure †¢ Supportive culture †¢ Empowering management †¢ Motivated workforce †¢ Enhanced learning Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation SupervisorAdrian Gauci LEARNING STYLES Kolb & Honey and Mumford Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci LEARNING STYLES Learning style theory can be used in the design and conduct of learning events or personal development programmes. Learning situations can be designed to fit the learning style of participants. Coffield (2005) stressed the importance of individuals’ ‘thinking styles’ – that is, their automatic way of organizing and processing information during learning – and of their ‘learning strategy’, meaning the pproach they adopt to try to overco me the limitations of their natural thinking style. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci EXPERIMENTAL LEARNING CYCLE Kolb provides one of the most useful descriptive model of the adult learning process. The LC suggests that there are four stages that follow from each others. †¢ Concrete experience: either planned or accidental †¢ Reflective observation: looking back at the experience. †¢ Abstract conceptualisation: seen as generalising from reflection and developing hypotheses based on experience and knowledge. Active experimentation: Testing the concepts or ideas in new situation. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci KOLB`S LEARNING STYLES †¢ ACCOMMODATIVE: Strong preference for concrete experience and active experimentation, learning by errors. †¢ DIVERGENT: preference for concrete experiences , but to reflect on these from different perspectives. †¢ ASSIMILATIVE: Indicates that knowledge is gained by incorporating experiences into already existing cognitive structure. †¢ CONVERGENT: prefer to experiment with ideas.Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci KOLB`S LEARNING STYLES †¢ Accommodators who learn by trial and error, combining the concrete experience and experimentation stages of the cycle. †¢ Divergers who prefer concrete to abstract learning situations and refl ection to active involvement. Such individuals have great imaginative ability, and can view a complete situation from different viewpoints. †¢ Convergers who prefer to experiment with ideas, considering them for their practical usefulness.Their main concern is whether the theory works in action, thus combining the abstract and experimental dimensions. †¢ Assimilators who like to create their own the oretical models and assimilate a number of disparate observations into an overall integrated explanation. †¢ Thus they veer towards the reflective and abstract dimensions. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation SupervisorAdrian Gauci Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci The Axis Concrete Experience – CE (feeling) ——- Abstract Conceptualization – AC (thinking) Active Experimentation – AE (doing)—– Reflective Observation – RO (watchin g)Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Divergers and Assimilators †¢ Diverging (feeling and watching – CE/RO) – These people are able to look at things from different perspectives. They are sensitive. They prefer to watch rather than do, tending to gather information and use imagination to solve problems. They are best at viewing concrete situations several different viewpoints. Kolb called this style ‘Diverging' because these people perform better in situations that require ideas-generation, for example, brainstorming.People with a Diverging learning style have broad cultural interests and like to gather information. They are interested in people, tend to be imaginative and emotional, and tend to be strong in the arts. People with the Diverging style prefer to work in groups, to listen with an open mind and to receive personal feedback. Assimilating (watching and thinking â⠂¬â€œ AC/RO) – The Assimilating learning preference is for a concise, logical approach. Ideas and concepts are more important than people. These people require good clear explanation rather than practical opportunity.They excel at understanding wide-ranging information and organising it a clear logical format. People with an Assimilating learning style are less focused on people and more interested in ideas and abstract concepts. People with this style are more attracted to logically sound theories than approaches based on practical value. These learning style people is important for effectiveness in information and science careers. In formal learning situations, people with this style prefer readings, lectures, exploring analytical models, and having time to think things through.Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor †¢ Adrian Gauci Convergers and Accomodators †¢ Converging (doing and thinking â₠¬â€œ AC/AE) – People with a Converging learning style can solve problems and will use their learning to find solutions to practical issues. They prefer technical tasks, and are less concerned with people and interpersonal aspects. People with a Converging learning style are best at finding practical uses for ideas and theories. They can solve problems and make decisions by finding solutions to questions and problems.People with a Converging learning style are more attracted to technical tasks and problems than social or interpersonal issues. A Converging learning style enables specialist and technology abilities. People with a Converging style like to experiment with new ideas, to simulate, and to work with practical applications. Accommodating (doing and feeling – CE/AE) – The Accommodating learning style is ‘hands-on', and relies on intuition rather than logic. These people use other people's analysis, and prefer to take a practical, experiential approac h.They are attracted to new challenges and experiences, and to carrying out plans. They commonly act on ‘gut' instinct rather than logical analysis. People with an Accommodating learning style will tend to rely on others for information than carry out their own analysis. This learning style is prevalent and useful in roles requiring action and initiative. People with an Accommodating learning style prefer to work in teams to complete tasks. They set targets and actively work in the field trying different ways to achieve an objective.Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor †¢ Adrian Gauci HONEY ; MUMFORD LEARNING STYLES Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci HONEY ; MUMFORD`S LEARNING STYLES †¢ ACTIVIST: a dynamic learners without bias †¢ REFLECTOR: an imaginative learner and the person, who observes phenomena, thinks about them and then choose how to act. †¢ THEORIST: Who adapt and apply their observations in the form of logical theories. PRAGMATIST: a commonsense learner who only likes to study if they can see a direct link to practical problems. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci HONEY ; MUMFORD`S LEARNING STYLES †¢ 1. Activists who involve themselves fully without bias in new experiences and revel in new challenges. †¢ 2. Reflectors who stand back and observe new experiences from different angles. They collect data, refl ect on them and then come to a conclusion. †¢ 3.Theorists who adapt and apply their observations in the form of logical theories. They tend to be perfectionists. †¢ 4. Pragmatists who are keen to try out new ideas, approaches and concepts to see if they work. Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Ad rian Gauci Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation SupervisorAdrian Gauci Kolb vs Honey ; Mumford Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor Adrian Gauci INDIVIDUAL BARRIERS TO LEARNING †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ LACK OF INFORMATION TIME MONEY APATHY ANDLACK OF MOTIVATIO CULTURE AGEISM SPECIAL NEEDS SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS LACK OF CONFIDENCE Adrian Gauci BA (Hons), MA, Dual MBA (New York) – Business Lecturer and MBA Dissertation Supervisor

Essay On Richard Wright And Frederick Douglas

Essay On Richard Wright And Frederick Douglas Have u ever been wanted something so bad that u would never let a thing get in your way Well I have a story that will make your day.In the mist of adversity, two Black men overcame the odds and learned to read and write during a time when they could have been killed for it. The first man is the legendary Fredrick Douglas, who was born a slave and defied the odds of his time. The other Richard Wright, though in a time no as oppressed as Fredrick, he was a man who would not settle for less. These two men have amazing stories of how they overcame the odds and learned to read and write in a time when it was considered illegal for a Black man to have these skills. I was lucky enough to read their stories and will share my thoughts and experiences with you.English: Rush Rhees library and the Fredrick Dougl...

Is medical coding the career for you

Is medical coding the career for you Are you on the hunt for a new career in a growing industry? If so, then consider medical coding. This rewarding field can offer a wide variety of potential opportunities for employment and can be a satisfying profession for those with the right skills, mindset, and aptitude. Plus, it’s a career on the rise- according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, it’s slated to grow faster than average through the next eight years. Let’s learn more about what it’s like to be a medical coder and how you can get started.According to the AAPC website, â€Å"Medical coding is the transformation of healthcare diagnosis, procedures, medical services, and equipment into universal medical alphanumeric codes. The diagnoses and procedure codes are taken from medical record documentation, such as transcription of physician’s notes, laboratory and radiologic results, etc.†Basically, medical coders oversee all the codes that are used during the often-complex medical billing process. This is no simple task: qualified coders should have a thorough knowledge of anatomy and medical terminology and be familiar with several different coding systems (including CPT ®, HCPCS Level II, and ICD-10-CM). On top of that, coders should know which codes are accepted by which insurance plans and how to be compliant while coding.The first steps toward becoming a medical coder include ensuring that you meet the educational requirements to secure a position in the field, which can vary depending on the field, discipline, and work environment you choose to pursue.According to the AAPC, the medical coding professionals should obtain the Certified Professional Coder (CPC ®) credential. While earning a bachelor’s degree or master’s degree can strengthen a medical coder’s career, it’s not a set requirement. What is necessary is to have a solid foundation of anatomy, physiology, and medical terminology, which you will learn and master thr ough earning the CPC ® credential. â€Å"It’s recommended for serious coders to complete a medical coding course of study and pass an exam to designate him or her as a CPC ®. Employers know CPCs ® are individuals who can perform medical coding tasks with the utmost proficiency and excellence,† according to the official site.So, what would a typical day as a medical coder look like? You’d likely be working in the billing office in a focused healthcare setting, which can range from a hospital to a therapeutic or treatment center, doctor’s office, outpatient facility, nursing home, or similar facility, and will be coding patient files- an essential task in the field- to ensure appropriate and accurate billing. In sum, your coding will help document each patient’s treatment process from beginning to end, in an effort to secure reimbursement for all services rendered during each visit.Still interested in pursuing a career as a medical coder? If so , then consider the helpful information provided here as your launching pad to help you plan your first steps on this exciting career journey. You can build on this information with the wealth of resources and information available online, and before long you’ll be well on your way to achieving your goal.

Haier Strategy Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Haier Strategy Analysis - Research Paper Example The company approaches the corporate-level strategy by establishing subsidiaries in different locations. Presently, the company has subsidiaries in 13 countries with eight being design centers and ten information centers. Analysis of Haier’s strategies using the BCG matrix indicates that, the developed regions falls under â€Å"stars† as seen in their high proceeds and market share. An example of a developed country that fits such a description is the US whose rewards would be a â€Å"cash cow† if the market share were kept. Cows are the developing countries, for example, Kenya that has a high market share based on the technologically perceptive persons; however, the income is low meaning that Haier has to reduce investments. Dogs are the emerging economies where the need for electrical items is still low especially in regions where distribution is hindered by distance and distribution costs. Haier is yet to access such markets as seen in war torn regions such as Sudan and Afghanistan. Question marks in the strategy are regions with high growth and reduced market share. Indeed, Haier accesses such markets through its extended subsidiaries as evident in Philippines; however, such markets are unviable meaning that it would be appropriate to sell the commodities and close shop. Based on Porter’s analysis, Haier’s strength include a huge market, reputation of the brand and innovation. Internal weaknesses are notable in ineffective marketing and advertising, the human management ineffectiveness, lack of core technology and inadequate competition in the high-end market. External threats include economic downturn, growing competition and strong rivals, increasing prices and the constantly changing customer needs. External opportunities for the company include a global economic integration, potential for increased domestic sales and the development of green products. Analysis of Key success factor for Haier (what is essential for Haie r in order to be successful) There are different factors that Haier should consider in ensuring success as a major firm in the market (Kynge, 1999). Some of the customer concerns regarding electronics are some of the success factors necessary to Haier. Quality should be one of the considerations for Haier as it designs its products. An electronics customer needs their acquired items to be long lasting, serve the purpose successfully and efficiently. Haier in the local content has been known for having quality products, but in the global concept, it faces well-established companies associated with a certain standard of quality. The first step necessary for Haier is promoting a standard, which the market expects from it. Issuing guarantees and service clinics could be one of the methods of setting up the platform for enhancing consumer quality. Budget is another concern for customers on a global scale. Most shoppers of electronics consider products within a given price range (Darwar & Frost, 1999). Some of the companies in the sector have succeeded due to the implementation of low and competitive prices based on the market. Functionality is a huge factor to consider in a competitive market. Today’s customer usually shops while considering the benefits. By meeting the preliminary function and introducing several other functions at a price that is lesser than the fee of a device, the organization can capture the market (Gupta &

Other topic Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Other topic - Research Paper Example This section is going to present how the research was carried out. It will give the approaches taken in the research and the philosophical assumption of the approach. Research approaches are plans and steps that explain how the research will be undertaken and the procedures and methods for data collection, analysis, and presentation (Karin 16). This study adopted a qualitative approach of research which involves studying and exploring new phenomena and problems with a certain group of people. It is a method best used in the social sciences and also in market research to explore the behavior of people or groups of people towards certain products (Karin 12). This approach best suited this study since the study wanted to explore the impacts that electronic marketing has on the service industry in Tallinn City. This study intended to gather in-depth understanding of the behavior of users of electronic marketing facilities and qualitative approach is the best to use on this kind of study. Furthermore, a small selected sample was used to facilitate the research and it is one of the features of qualitative approach of study (Karin, 12). The philosophical assumption behind this qualitative approach of research is constructivism. According to Karin, it is an assumption that mostly focuses on the interaction of human being with one another on their world (21). The study of impacts of electronic marketing in the service industry in Tallinn City is a study on the interaction of people as they shop for goods and services purchased and receive cash for the service rendered. The constructivism philosophical assumption has it that human beings develop meaning from their interaction in the world they live in, (Karin, 21). The aim of the research design is to provide a way of answering the research questions (Damon, Pedersen and McEvoy, 132). It is to provide the outline of the

Binge Drinking Patients and Effects on Staff Literature review

Binge Drinking Patients and Effects on Staff - Literature review Example Although the A&E attendances caused because of alcohol consumption may occur any time throughout the day, yet most of them happen during weekends and at nights when the tendency of people to consume alcohol is maximal (Pirmohamed et al., 2000). The male attendances outnumber the female attendances by more than twice and most of these attendees are young adults lesser than 40 years of age, which suggests that a vast majority of binge drinkers are young adults (Pirmohamed et al., 2000). The tendency of being involved in the alcohol-related violence in men is twice as much as that in women. 50 per cent of the injuries are related to neck and head and almost 25 per cent of the victims are hospitalized (Wright and Kariya, 1997). Binge drinking is one of the main causes of physical violence and verbal abuse of the healthcare professionals serving in the A&E departments. The effects of patients with the effects of binge drinking appearing in the A&E departments on the staff have been measur ed in different countries and most of the research studies have invariably estimated high level of danger and risks for the staff. In Australia, 2.3 per cent of the overall burden of disease could be attributed to alcohol in the year 2003 that was equivalent to 61091 life years adjusted for disability (Harvard et al., 2011). The burden of harm caused by binge drinking in Australia has been found to be disproportionately high in the rural areas as compared to the urban areas. Departments that are usually affected the most are the inner city departments and the healthcare professionals assuming the maximal risk of assaults are nurses and male doctors. The healthcare providers in general and the staff at the emergency departments in particular have many concerns of safety while dealing with the binge drinkers. One of the nurses interviewed by Gunasekara et al. (2011) expressed these concerns in these words, â€Å"I

EndoPredict and Mammaprint Risk Classification

EndoPredict and Mammaprint Risk Classification Comparison of risk classification between EndoPredict and Mammaprint in ER-positive/HER2-negative primary invasive breast cancer. Alberto Pelez-Garcia, Laura Yebenes, Alberto Berjon, Antonia Angulo, Pilar Zamora, Jose Ignacio Snchez-Mendez, Enrique Espinosa, Andres Redondo, Victoria Heredia, Marta Mendiola, Jaime Feliu, David Hardisson Corresponding Author: David Hardisson, MD, PhD; Department of Pathology; Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ; Paseo de la Castellana, 261; 28046 Madrid, Spain. ABSTRACT Purpose To compare the prognostic performance of the EndoPredict assay with the MammaPrint scores obtained for the same cancer samples on 40 estrogen-receptor positive/HER2-negative breast carcinomas. Methods Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded invasive breast carcinoma tissues that were previously analyzed with MammaPrint as part of routine care of the patients, andwere classified as high-risk (20 patients) and low-risk (20 patients), were selected to be analyzed by the EndoPredict assay, a second generation gene expression test that combines expression of 8 genes (EP score) with two clinicopathological factors (tumor size and nodal status, EPclin score). Results The EP score classified 15 patients as low-risk and 25 patients as high-risk. EPclin re-classified 5 of the 25 EP high-risk patients into low-risk, resulting in a total of 20 high-risk and 20 low-risk tumors. EP score and MammaPrint score were significantly correlated (p=0.008). Twelve of 20 samples classified as low-risk by MammaPrint were also low-risk by EP score (60%). 17 of 20 MammaPrint high-risk tumors were also high-risk by EP score. The overall concordance between EP score and MammaPrint was 72.5%.   EPclin score also correlated with MammaPrint results (p=0.004). Discrepancies between both tests occurred in 10 cases: 5 MammaPrint low-risk patients were classified as EPclin high-risk and 5 high-risk MammaPrint were classified as low-risk by EPClin (overall concordance 75%). Conclusions This study demonstrates a moderate concordance between MammaPrint and EndoPredict. Differences in results could be explained by the inclusion of different gene sets in each platform, and the inclusion of clinical parameters, such as tumor size and nodal status, in the EndoPredict test. Keywords:  Breast cancer prognosis; gene expression signatures; EndoPredict; MammaPrint INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second most frequent cause of cancer death among women in developed countries. Approximately 231,840 new cases of invasive breast cancer and 40,290 deaths are expected among US women in 2015 [1]. Currently, the decision on adjuvant treatment for breast cancer patients is based on risk assessment using clinicopathological criteria, such as patient age, menopausal status, axillary lymph node status, tumor size, tumor grade, estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PgR) expression, HER2 status, and Ki67 score. However, decision making in adjuvant treatment of women with ER-positive/HER2-negative early breast cancer remains a difficult task. Routinely, all of these patients will receive adjuvant hormonal treatment. However, a substantial proportion of these patients are also treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, although a significant part of these will not achieve a further reduction of their risk of recurrence [2].Therefore, a major challenge for clinical oncologists is to identify those patients who will not benefit for adjuvant chemotherapy, and those who are more likely to develop recurrence, so that the most appropriate therapeutic regime can be administered [2, 3]. In recent years, molecular characterization of breast cancer has contributed to broaden our understanding of breast cancer as a heterogeneous disease, and led to the development of a variety of prognostic and predictive gene signatures [4]. Morever, these assays may also be useful in recurrence prediction and treatment decision making [5]. One of the most widely used tests is the MammaPrint (MP) assay (Agendia Laboratories, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), which is a prognostic score performed by a central laboratory that was cleared by the FDA in 2007. MP was initially limited by its requirement for fresh tissue, but it is now validated for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue [6]. MP measures the expression of 70 genes using a microarray platform, and reports a binary risk classification (low-risk or high-risk) for recurrence without adjuvant chemotherapy. This information is intended to spare patients at low-risk of recurrence from receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, with its attendant morbidity. It is not intended to predict the response, per se, to chemotherapy; rather, it helps to select patients who are likely to benefit from chemotherapy from a prognostic point of view [7]. More recently developed, the EndoPredict assay (EP) (Sividon Diagnostics GmbH, Cologne, Germany), is a diagnostic test based on gene expression data in combination with clinicopathological risk parameters to assess the risk of distant metastasis in patients with ER-positive/HER2-negative primary breast cancer if treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy alone [8]. This test measures the expression of eight cancer-related genes of interest (BIRC5, UBE2C, DHCR7, RBBP8, IL6ST, AZGP1, MGP and STC2) and three reference genes (CALM2, OAZ1 and RPL37A) to calculate a molecular risk score (EP score). The molecular risk score is then combined with the nodal status and tumor size resulting in a molecular-clinicopathological hybrid score (EPclin score) with improved prognostic power. Using a p redefined cutoff value, patients are stratified into low- or high-risk of distant recurrence. The test can be carried out on routinely processed and archived FFPE tissue, and is designed to be performed decentrally [9, 10]. EP was validated in three randomized endocrine phase III trials with patients with ER-positive/HER2-negative node negative and node positive breast carcinomas [5, 8]. The EP provided additional prognostic information to conventional risk factors such as grading, quantitative ER, or Ki67 and outperformed risk classification by clinical guidelines. Moreover, it could be demonstrated that EP is prognostic for early and late metastasis [5, 11].The EPclin score was also directly compared to purely clinical risk classifications (like St. Gallen, German S3, and NCCN) and found to be superior to these classifiers [11]. The objective of this study was to compare the concordance of EndoPredict results in 40 ER-positive/HER2-negative breast carcinomas which were previously tested with MammaPrint and categorized as low-risk (20 patients) or high-risk (20 patients). We further evaluate TargetPrint (Agendia Laboratories), a commercially available mRNA-based gene expression test that quantitatively determines gene expression levels of ER, PgR, and HER2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients and tumor samples This study involved 40 patients with ER-positive/HER2-negative early-stage breast carcinoma. All patients underwent surgery between March 2012 and December 2015 at the University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. Data on age and tumor characteristics were collected for all patients. The surgical specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin. Four- µm thick sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histological diagnosis. Sections (10 µm) with at least 40% of tumor cellularity were selected for the study. Immunohistochemistry for ER/PR/HER2 and Ki67 and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) for HER2 All cases were reviewed by two breast pathologist (DH and LY) to assess tumor grade (using the Nottingham histological three-tier grading system), tumor size, nodal status, ER, PgR, HER-2, and Ki67 expression. The expression of ERÃŽ ± (clone EP1; Dako, Glostrup, Denmark, prediluted), PgR (clone PgR1294; Dako, prediluted), and Ki67 (clone MIB1; Dako, prediluted) were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) during routine pathologic examination. ER and PgR status was determined based on the percentage of positive nuclei in the invasive neoplastic compartment of the tissue. Tumors were classified as ER- or PgR-positive when ≠¥1% invasive tumor cells showed definite nuclear staining, regardless of staining intensity. Ki67 was evaluated as the percentage of positively stained nuclear cancer cells (regardless of staining intensity). HER2 expression was evaluated with the HercepTest kit (Dako) and scored as 0, 1+, 2+, or 3+, according to the FDA scoring system. Tumors scored as 2+ wer e re-tested with FISH using the HER2 IQFISH PharmDx kit (Dako). Mammaprint Test The MammaPrint test was performed on representative paraffin blocks at the centralized Agendia Laboratories (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) blinded for clinical and histological data as part of routine care of the patients included in this study. Additionally to MammaPrint, TargetPrint assay, an additional test that is an alternative measurement of ER, PgR, and HER2 to IHC/FISH assessment, was also performed. EndoPredict Test The same tumor tissue block used for MammaPrint testing in each case was used for EP test. RNA extraction was performed as previously described [9]. Total RNA was extracted from one 10- µm whole formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue section using a silica-coated magnetic bead-based method with Tissue Preparation Reagents (Sividon Diagnostics). Expression of eight genes-of-interest (AZGP1, BIRC5, DHCR7, IL6ST, MGP, RBBP8, STC2, UBE2C), three normalization genes (CALM2, OAZ1, RPL37A) as well as the amount of residual genomic DNA (HBB) were assessed by the EP assay (Sividon Diagnostics). Gene expression was assessed by one-step RT-qPCR using the SuperScript III PLATINUM One-Step Quantitative RT-PCR System with ROX (Invitrogen, Karlsruhe, Germany) according to manufacturers instructions in a VERSANT ® kPCR Molecular System (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Erlangen, Germany). EP and EPclin scores were determined as published earlier [8, 9] using the EndoPredict Report Generator sof tware which is available online (www1.endopredict.com). The predefined cut-offs for diagnostic decisions were applied to stratify patients into low- or high-risk groups: EP low-risk (

Celtic vs. Rangers: Catholicism vs. Protestantism :: Essays Papers

Celtic vs. Rangers: Catholicism vs. Protestantism Most European cities can boast of a professional football (soccer) club and a competitive rivalry with a neighboring team. However, Glasgow, Scotland is the home of one of the oldest and most heated rivalries in the world. Two of the most prestigious football clubs in Europe, Celtic and Rangers, both call Glasgow their home. The cross-town rivals first met on the pitch on February 28, 1888. At that point, "none of the 2,000 spectators at the game could have guessed that they were present at a historic occasion, for that evening marked the first of what was to become the most famous, long-lasting – and bitter – sporting rivalry in the history of football" (Murray 4). Almost a hundred years after the inaugural match, the conflict between fans came to fruition when Celtic and Rangers met in the 1980 Scottish Cup Final. Immediately following an entertaining and relatively problem free match, built up tension exploded into violent riots before anyone had even le! ft the stad ium. Celtic supporters, excited after the victory, rushed the field to celebrate with their beloved players. Angered by the loss and the expression of joy shown by their nemesis, Rangers fans also rushed the field. However, †¦There was no question of celebration in the minds of the fans who invaded from the West end of the ground. They had violence in mind and no sooner was it offered than it was returned with enthusiasm. The brutal and disgusting scenes which followed as bottles flew and drunken supporters charged and counter-charged from one end of the field to that other, brought disgrace upon the two clubs concerned, upon Scottish football generally, and were an affront to Scotland as a nation (Murray 196). The riots after the 1980 Scottish Cup Final acted as a springboard for the conflict between Celtic and Rangers. Before that game, the extent of the tension between the two groups had gone unrealized. However, the truth behind the violence on the field that day continues to plague the rivalry today. Despite the age-old on field rivalry, the tension between Celtic and Ranger supporters runs much deeper than what takes place on the soccer field. The conflict between the fans has erupted into violence on many occasions, with games between the two clubs ending in some of the worst riots and greatest tragedies in sporting history. Despite the tension created through competition, the origin of hatred between clubs and fans is not just the result of bad tackles and endless taunting.

History of Rock Worksheet

History of Rock Worksheet Write a 500- to 750-word explanation regarding the role of plate tectonics in the origin of igneous rocks. Igneous rocks can come from two hot liquid like materials, which are lava and magma, these to substances are a lot alike, magma is what lava is before it is taken to the Earth's surface by a volcano eruption. These substances being such a large part of the forming of Igneous rocks is where the rock gets its name, the word igneous comes from the word ignis, which is the Latin word for fire.Magma and Lava are a consistency like molten metal and they carry crystallized minerals and are hot enough to change existing rocks forms. Igneous rocks are created in three places. The first is where the lithospheric plates pull apart making a gap in the at the ridges under the ocean. The second is where the continental crust is forced together. The third is where the plates come together. As the lava or magma moves they collect different minerals and these minerals b egin to crystallize as the lava or magma cools. The speed of the cooling process helps to determine the physical characteristics of the rocks.With the movement and the new minerals that come this will change the rock. There are two types of Igneous rocks. The first kind of Igneous rock is Extrusive rock, which is formed when magma escapes through the where the plates meet, these rocks cool very quickly some in a matter of seconds which makes their grains very small called the Aphanitic texture. The second kind of Igneous rock is Intrusive rock, which is made underneath the Earth's surface which makes it cool very slowly some take thousands of years, which makes larger size grains called Phanertic texture.The classification of each rock is based on the minerals that it is made up of, some of the common minerals found in Igneous rocks are olivine, mica, feldspar, quartz, and pyoxenes. The most well known Igneous frock is Granite, which is also the most commonly used Igneous rock. It i s used for many things that we see daily like, paving stones, counter tops, flooring tiles, curbing, and many other things. Granite can be found under the Earth's crust almost anywhere on Earth. The movement of the plates is what allows magma to move and causes volcanic eruptions which allows Igneous rocks to be created.Write a 500- to 750-word explanation regarding the role of plate tectonics in the origin of metamorphic rocks. Magma also plays a very large role in creating and forming Metamorphic rocks. To create a Metamorphic rock there has to be an extreme amount of pressure and very high temperatures. This high temperature must be hot enough to reorganize the matter within an existing rock but not hot enough to melt it all the way. There is two places where hot magma can push itself through to the Earth's surface. The first place is divergent plate boundaries.And the second is convergent plate boundaries. The process of creating Metamorphic rocks is called Metamorphism. Metamor phism is when magma is pushing its way to the Earth's surface and comes into contact with different rocks, the hot magma will heat these rocks. This much heat on the rocks causes them to change and then they have become Metamorphic rocks. This change will usually completely change the original rocks physical, structural, and textural characteristics, because new minerals come and change the original minerals.These rocks are a result of the continual movement of plate tectonics. New Metamorphic rocks can be created from the original rock being Sedimentary rocks, Igneous rocks, or even other Metamorphic rocks. When two plate collide they cause the Earth's crust to fold and fault, this intense pressure makes the process of Metamorphism, which makes sometimes large areas on the Earth's crust become Metamorphic rock. Which would make landmarks such as Mountain ranges. During this process it will only become a Metamorphic rock if the rock stays a solid, if it melts then that makes an Igne ous rock.

Proffessional Ethics

Professional ethics has become more important over the years. As we become more specialized in our occupation, the issues become that much more complex – and hard. Professional people and those working in acknowledged professions exercise specialist knowledge and skill. How the use of this knowledge should be governed when providing a service to the public can be considered a moral issue and is termed professional ethics. They must complete their job according to the moral values.Professionals are capable of making judgments, applying their skills and reaching informed decisions in situations that the general public cannot, because they have not received the relevant training. One of the earliest examples of professional ethics is probably the Hippocratic oath to which medical still adhere to this day. Professional ethics is a set of standards adopted by a professional community. Professional ethics are regulated by standards, which are often referred to as codes of ethics. Th e code of ethics is very important because it gives us boundaries that we have to stay within in our professional careers.The one problem with the code of ethics is that we can't always have the answers. Professional bodies have increasingly been at work developing, revising and refining professional codes of ethics. Professionals themselves ask for more detailed codes so as to have greater guidance. There is no longer a deference to the authority of experts on the part of the public or of the client group. Professional ethics helps a professional choose what to do when faced with a problem at work that raises a moral issue.One can certainly study what professionals do when faced with such problems, and confine the enquiry to the description. Our concern here, however, is to assist with making choices – an approach called prescriptive professional ethics. Obviously one can be unethical without behaving illegally. It is a common rationalization of unethical behaviour to say â €Å"well, it wasn’t illegal, so who cares? †. It is perhaps the major point of professional ethics, though, to deal with scenarios that do not involve illegality. Professional ethics covers far more issues than the law does.Many of the issues are imbedded in messy and complex factual situations, so ethical issues tend to be harder to identify than legal issues. We should have more sympathy when someone says they were confused or ignorant or thoughtless about a moral issue, as opposed to a legal problem. How does one recognize a moral problem within professional ethics? Is the issue one of â€Å"right† or â€Å"wrong† action? Is the issue one of â€Å"good† or â€Å"bad† motives, methods or goals? Is there a â€Å"value† at stake? Is the terminology not descriptive, but prescriptive, involving words like â€Å"should†, â€Å"ought to†?We do a much better job of identifying issues in professional ethics if we are sensitive to the principles and values set out in our professional codes of ethics (that is one of their benefits – an educational function). It helps to have lists of issues available to contemplate. It is a curse of the twentieth century to speak of ethics as being subjective or relative – â€Å"it’s all a matter of personal opinion†. Moral relativism is ultimately futile and nihilistic. There can be no real debate, guidance, judgement or resolution.Those claiming relativism are usually in a position of self-rationalization. Moral absolutism is not a tenable position either, as it leads to inflexibility and a harshness that creates its own injustices. Most major corporations, and many smaller companies, now have Codes of Ethics, along with a range of other, issue-specific ethics documents. Such a document embodies the ethical commitments of your organization; it tells the world who you are, what you stand for, and what to expect when conducting business with you . Therefore, there are 2 important processes in forming this law: ) Objective There has been a dramatic increase in the ethical expectations of businesses and professions over the past ten years. Increasingly, customers, clients and employees are deliberately seeking out those who define the basic ground rules of their operations on a day to day Why have a Code of Ethics? †¢ To define accepted/acceptable behaviours; †¢ To promote high standards of practice; †¢ To provide a benchmark for members to use for self evaluation; †¢ To establish a framework for professional behaviour and responsibilities; †¢ As a vehicle for occupational identity; As a mark of occupational maturity;† Different kinds of documents serve different purposes. Is your new document intended to  guide  people or to set out requirements? Is it really a Code of Ethics that you need? You might consider creating a Statement of Values, a Policy, a Mission Statement or a Code of Conduct . Ideally, a code of ethics should be tailored to the needs and values of your organization. Ask yourself, what makes your Code specific to your organization? Is there anything that differentiates it from similar documents devised other firms in your field, or in other fields?If not, what makes it your Code, other than the fact that your logo is at the top? Your Code should make clear who within your organization will be governed by it. Does it cover everyone from the mailroom through to the boardroom? Only senior managers? Who has to sign off on it? Keep in mind that lower-level employees may not take very seriously a document that senior managers either aren’t bound by, or take lightly Many ethics codes have two components. First, an  aspirational  section, often in the preamble, that outlines what the organization aspires to, or the ideals it hopes to live up to.Second, an ethics code will typically list some  rules or principles, which members of the organization wi ll be expected to adhere to. In order to ensure the objective of the law will be reached, it is important to get the people who will be guided by the code be actively involved in writing it. If your organization is too large to get everyone involved, consider selecting representatives from various departments or various business units. The document is bound to be more meaningful, and find higher levels of acceptance, if employees are part of the process.It’s a good idea to consult key stakeholders – including, for example, customers, suppliers, and local community groups – as to what they think should be in your Code. This will help reveal what important external constituencies see as your key obligations, and will help make sure that the Code you write deals with the full range of issues that might confront your organization. 2) Planning After you have reached the objective of the code, you must make proper planning so that the code can be formed and implemente d on the time stipulated by your organization’s management. How will the Code be implemented?Once it’s written, will it gather dust, or will it influence policy and practice? What procedures are in place to make sure that writing a Code is more than just organizational navel-gazing? An effective implementation scheme (perhaps as an appendix to the Code) will explain to all concerned how the values embodied in your Code will be put into practice. You must also plan for education. It is a key aspect of implementation has to be employee training and education. How will employees be educated about the Code? A Code can only be effective if your employees know about it.Will new employees receive training regarding the Code’s requirements? Will current employees receive refresher courses? Especially for large organizations, the steps required to train employees on the requirements of a Code deserve special attention. Other than that, you must also be clear about enforc ement. How, if at all, will the Code be enforced? Are there specific penalties for violating the Code, or is the Code merely there to provide guidance? Who will decide when an employee has violated the Code – will that be up to the employees' immediate supervisor, or will that be the exclusive domain of senior managers?Last but not least, you must specify a sunset date. When will the code be reviewed and updated? Times change, and new issues come to light, so consider specifying a date for revising and refreshing your Code. What is the role of a professional code of ethics? It helps clarify values and rules, it strengthens group identity and collegiality, it fosters public confidence, and it can be used as a framework for discipline. The â€Å"audience† is the public, employers, clients, and fellow professionals. A code of ethics can be inspirational, educational, a tool for decision-making and a reference point.One can also criticize over reliance on a code of ethics. It can instil complacency (â€Å"we’re ethical because we have a code of ethics†). If it isn’t used or enforced, the suspicion may be it’s there simply to polish the group’s public image or to bolster a professional monopoly. It must be said that a code of ethics doesn’t create ethics and it is not really possible to completely codify ethics. Collateral education is necessary to bring a code of ethics alive. Most professional ethics cases have to do with conflicts. A moral dilemma is a conflict.We may have a clash between risk to human life and property interests, or a clash between risk to human life and risk to the environment. However, a common type of conflict is a â€Å"conflict of interest†. This usually refers to a conflict between one’s professional duties and one’s personal interests. As mentioned above, these case may not be true moral dilemmas, although they may be painful to resolve. A â€Å"bad faith† decision by a professional can involve the use of one’s position or powers to obtain a personal benefit – the powers or position have been used for a purpose other than for which they were granted.Sometimes there is an overlap with the law. It is a criminal offence to receive a â€Å"secret commission†. The protection of property is often denigrated as a value. It compares poorly with â€Å"human life†. We have already seen in the Burgess and Mullen study that â€Å"economic pressure† was the most common reason for ethical misbehaviour. It is an issue that the professional must guard against in his her own decision making, as well as an issue to watch for in others. Others will not go along because of the cost (a property interest). When risk to life is high, there is little doubt which way we should go.Where there is resistance, the professional has a duty to be honest and forceful and not to â€Å"go along†. Someone else may have the aut hority to make the decision and they then assume the liability, ethically and legally. Where the person in authority is unreasonable and dishonest, the situation may cry out for â€Å"whistleblowing† on the part of the professional. This should first take the form of â€Å"internal whistleblowing† as in an obvious case, some other senior person will see the light. On occasion, the external authorities must be called. A professional has less job security than a non-professional, and it is self imposed.The right thing to do is to withdraw services, but such cases should be very rare. Many codes of ethics refer to relations with colleagues. It is useful to distinguish between duties to the profession as an institution and duties to professional colleagues. They are not the same. What does it mean to say that the professional will not bring the profession into disrepute? If the efforts of colleagues will be undermined by a general loss of reputation and credibility resulti ng from personal misconduct of an individual, the wrong-doer may be doing far more harm indirectly than directly.The issue is not, as some might believe, a loss of income, prestige or position of colleagues, it is a reduction in the protection to the client group or public that is the harm done. Professionals must be vigilant that they are not protecting their self-interest when the profession is attacked or its reputation impugned, but are protecting the interests of others. As for relations with colleagues on an individual basis, a professional is required to be cooperative, respectful, supportive, helpful, open-minded as well as open, and without blatant or crude competition. Competition is good, but it must be meritocratic and honest.And it is of the essence of professionalism that discipline is maintained. It is an essential element of professionalism, and it is often referred to directly in codes of ethics, that one must engage in professional development throughout oneâ€℠¢s career. The idea of continuous improvement in professional knowledge and skills is actually implicit in the standard of the reasonable peer. There is a duty to take courses, read the literature, attend conferences, and so on. Many professional groups encourage (if not enforce) this through mandatory â€Å"maintenance points† – you can lose your designation if you cannot show upgrading over time.Many codes refer to â€Å"integrity† as a value – â€Å"maintain the highest standards of integrity†. It seems vague at first. Integrity means a consistency in commitment to moral commitments. Integrity  is a concept of  consistency  of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. In ethics, integrity is regarded as the honesty and  truthfulness  or  accuracy  of one's actions. Integrity can be regarded as the opposite of hypocrisy,  in that integrity regards internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests tha t parties holding apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter their beliefs.The word â€Å"integrity† stems from the Latin adjective  integer  (whole, complete). In this context, integrity is the inner sense of â€Å"wholeness† deriving from qualities such as  honesty  and consistency of  character. As such, one may judge that others â€Å"have integrity† to the extent that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold. A  value system's  abstraction depth  and range of applicable interaction may also function as significant factors in identifying integrity due to their congruence or lack of congruence with observation.A value system may evolve over time  while retaining integrity if those who espouse the values account for and resolve inconsistencies. Commitment to commitments means one’s moral character must be consistent, whole and integrated. You don’t have â€Å"int egrity† if you are committed to conflicting standards or values. Your behaviour would become erratic and inconsistent. Integrity is related to other values, such as honesty. To be true to a system of values, one must be honest. A person with integrity will admit errors, refrain from false pretences and advise clients truthfully.Integrity is related to promise keeping – one must follow through on promises. A professional should be careful about what is promised. If you can’t deliver on your promises, your integrity is said to be jeopardized. Integrity is also related to loyalty – loyalty to one’s profession, the goals of the profession, loyalty to the employer’s goals. Loyalty should not be blind, however, and so other values may be in conflict with loyalty if the employer’s goals are not in themselves worthy in the circumstances. Do remember that a code of ethics will not solve all ethical problems.But we must remember that good laws, if they are not obeyed, do not constitute good government. Hence there are two parts of good government; one is the actual obedience of citizens to the laws, the other part is the goodness of the laws which they obey. (2567 words) REFERENCES: 1) C. A. Brincat and V. S. Wike, Morality and the Professional Life: Values at Work. Prentice Hall Inc. , (2000). 2) Pamela S. Lewis, Stephen H. Goodman, Patricia M. Fandt, Management Challenges for Tomorrow’s Leaders, 4th Edition, Thomson, South Western. (2004) 3) Chris MacDonald, Ph. D. – Gene Marks, ed. , Streetwise Small Business Book of Lists, Adams Media 2006.